Hydraulic-elevator valve



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

0.1. HALL.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR VALVE. No. 463,042. Patented Nov. 10,1891.

/ Witnesses-- THE NORRIS FCYERS cm. vucnrurnov, msmN-cwn, n. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

0. I. HALL.

HYDRAULIC ELEVATOR VALVE.

No. 463,042. Patented Nov. 10, 1891.

G2 Fi 4.

E I I IIIIIIVVIIIIIIIIJ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

COFRAN I. HALL, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

HYDRAULIC-ELEVATOR VALVE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 463,042, dated November 10, 1891. Application filed July 21, 1890. Serial No. 359,ll. (N0 model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OOFRAN I. HALL, of the .city and county of San Francisco, State of inelosed in connected or separate chambers,

main valve.

each valve operating automatically and independently of the other by means of waterpressure and without mechanical connections or control.

It also consists in an auxiliary distributing valve for operating the main valves, constructed with twoinletand two outlet passages, both inlet-passages to be closed and both outlet-passages to be open when the valve is in the center of its stroke.

My invention also includes the employment of cup-leather packings for the valves, so arranged as not to be forced out of shape by the pressure of the water, and thus guard against their being abraded or torn by the pistons. It also includes the employment of perforated inlet-tubes for causing a gradual supply of water to the main valve and regulating its movement, and in various mechanical details required to apply my improvements, as will be more fully explained in connection with the drawings.

Figure 1 is an elevation of one of my improved hydraulic elevators with its various parts connected. Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line a I) of Fig. 1, showing the position of the main valve and ram. Fig. 3 isadetail showing the mechanism employed in operating the valves from the cage of the elevator. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through the Fig. 51s a detail of Fig. 4.. Fig. (5 is a central vertical section through the auxiliary valve,which distributes water to the main one. Fig. 7 is a detail of Fig. 6.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts of the different figures.

Referring to the drawings, A is the cylinder, and B the rain or piston, of a direct acting elevator, and D a section of the floor of a cage for passengers or goods.

At E is the main valve that controls the admission and escape of water from A.

F is the supply-pipe containing water under pressure, and G the exhaust or waste pipe through which the water escapes after acting on the ram B and during the descent of the cage.

. At His shown an auxiliary valve for moving and controlling the main one at E by means of direct water-pressure, the supply passing from F through the pipeI and other connections, as will be hereinafter explained. The movement of the auxiliary valve at H permits the pressure to act on either end of the main valves at E by means of the two pipes J and K, connecting to the ends of the casing or chamber E at e and e, as shown. The wastewater from the ends of the valve at H, after performing its functions there, escapes through the pipes L, M, and 0 into the main wastepipe G. The construction of these valveswill be explained in connection with enlarged detail views to be referred to in future. The

auxiliary valve at H is operated by the lever 80 P,which is in turn moved by the cords Q and Q attached to the ends of P, as shown. The cord Q passes over an idle-pulley R, under a pulley R thence up to the idler-pulleys S, and is attached to the weight T. The other cord Q passes similarly in an opposite direction, first over R then under R, and so on to the weight T, the same as cord Q. The idlepulleys R and R are supported on a swingframe U, controlled by the lever V, and are mounted on and travel with the platform D,

as shown in Figs. 1 and As the platform D moves up or down no lineal movement of the cords Q. and Q takes place, unless the lever V is moved to the right or left. Then such movement acts on these cords'and on the lever P the same as if the cage D was standing still, thus giving control of the valve at H in all positions and movements of the cage.

Referring next to the operation of the valves 7 oo and machinery, the auxiliary valve a (shown in Fig. 6) is moved up or down by the stem b, which is attached to the lever P, Fig. 1, as before explained. The chamber 0 is all the time filled with water under pressure, entering at d from the pipes F and I. If the valve a is raised, the water from c flows into the chamberf and out at g into the pipe K, and thence to the chamber h, Fig. 4, acting on the piston WV. If the valve a is depressed, then water flows from a into the chamber '5 and out at 2, through the pipe J, into the chamber 70, acting on the piston W Fig. 4. WVhen the valve a is brought to a central position, as shown in Fig. 6, both chambers h and 7c of F g. 4 are in communication with the wastepipes vby means of the perforations m and through pipes L and M, so the pistons V and W with the valves X and X assume automatically the position shown in Fig. 4.

Referring to Fig. 4, the main shell or casing E is composed of three sections E E and E held together by bolts, as shown in Figs. 1 and .2. This shell may consist of two parts containing independently the induction and eduction valves X and X with their pistons W and W but the construction shown is preferable. On the two end sections E and E are formed inlet and waste nozzles F and G and on the central one F. a nipple Z connecting with the cylinder A, as seen in the plan, Fig. 2.

Thecentral section E is fitted with a shell or bush or, in which move the valves or pistons X and X This shell 00 has two outlets of oblong form, as shown in Fig. 4, communicatmg with the chamber Y and this in turn with the cylinder A. The two pistons NV and WV are connected rigidly with the valves X and X by the hollow stems t, so they move together as shown. Referring first to the operation of the induction-valve X the chamber Y being filled with water under pressure, the force on W exceeds that on X as the dlft'erence in their area, forcing W back into the position shown, cutting off communication between the chambers Y and Y To raise the ram B the auxiliary valve a, Fig. 6, is depressed, permitting the high-pressu re water from F to flow through cl, 0, f, and J into the chamber k, balancing the pressure on each side of W The valve or piston X is then driven forward by the pressure in Y opening communication between Y and Y through the aperture at Z. The water then passes on to the cylinder A, raising the ram ram B, the valve a, Fig. 6, is raised, permitting water to flow from 0 into f, and thence through the pipe K into the chamber h, act- Y between WV and X causes them to move for-- ward, opening communication between Y and Y through Z, permitting the water in A to escape through Y and Y to the nozzle G2 and the ram 13 to descend. To arrest the downward motion of B, the valve a is returned to its central position, as before, relieving the pressure in h and permitting the piston W to move backby the pressure on X from the chamberY thus closing communication between Y and Y and the flow of water from A to the waste-pipe G. In stopping the motion of the ram B, whether in ascending or descending, it is not necessary to reverse the supplementary valve a, its functions ceasing when it comes to a central position, and the main valve X and X closing automatically by Water-pressure and independent of the attendant, and permitting a neutral range of any desired extent for the auxiliary valves at H. In the movements of X and X 'it will be observed that the aper tures at Z by reason of their oblong form permit a gradually-increasing fiow of water as the valves move forward, and consequently the motion of the ram B is gradually started or arrested without shock. This gradual starting and stopping of elevators being a matter-of much importance, I provide in addition to the oblong apertures at Z other means of attaining the object so arranged as to permit of adjustment and control.

Referring still to Fig. 4:, the water entering at e e to move the pistons W and W is admitted through holes 5 in the perforated nozzles 1", (shown in Figs. 4 and 5,) so arranged that the amount of water and the consequent movement of the ram Bis gradual and cumulative. At first only a single row of holes are opened; but as the pistons W and WV move toward the center, more holes are uncovered in an increasing ratio, causing the ram B to start slowly without shock and with a gradually-increasing speed until a maximum is reached. The same effect is produced in both the ascent and descent of the ram 13, the valves X and X with their pistons W and IZC W moving with a "raduall '-reduced speed,

permitting the ram B to stop without shock.

By increasing or diminishing either the number or size of the holes 3, I gain complete control over the starting and stopping movements of the cage D and its load. When tion of either it will be closed by the movement of the other, thus preventing both from being open at the same time. This extension 1/ also constitutes a stop and governs the range or stroke of the valves X and X and their attached pistons, so they will not exceed .he required range of movement.

At n n n 77,, Fig. 6,are cup-leather packingrings, which, itmay be observed, do not move with the piston 61., but-are stationary, and thus avoid the wear to which such packing is exposed when it moves with pistons over perforated or grated surfaces. The several pistons ot' the main valve, Fig. 4, have also leather packing moving with the pistons, except in the case of X but not moving over perforations, exceptin the case of X. The piston X and also the inner ends of the auxiliary valve 0., which pass out of the packing, are made with rounded or beveled edges, so as to reenter without abrading the leather or un-- duly wearing it.

I have shown my improvements applied to a direct-acting or ram elevator; but it is obvious that they are equally applicable to any other type moved by hydraulic force.

Having thus explained the nature and obj ects of my improvements, the manner of constructing and applying the same, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a hydraulic elevator, the combination of the main cylinder, a ram or piston moving therein, a main valve that controls the admission and escape of water in the main cylinder, a water-supply pipe and an exhaust or waste pipe connected to said main valve,the auxiliary valve H, consisting of an open-ended perforated piston ct, sliding through fixed packing-glands and so arranged that when it isin a central position both ends of the valve will be open with the waste or exhaust connections, said auxiliary valve having a central chamber 0, inlet cl, through which water enters under pressure, chamber f, with outlet g, through which water passes to one end of the main valve, a chamber 2', with outlet j, through which water passes to the other end of the main valve, the supply-pipe I, running from pipe F to the auxiliary valve, the Water-pipes J and K, entering opposite ends of the main valve and running to the auxiliary valve, and the waste-pipes L and M, connectedto the auxiliary valve and also to the pipe 0, which connects with the main exhaust-pipe, substantially as described.

2. In a hydraulic elevator, the combination of the main cylinder,a ram or piston moving therein, a main valve that controls the ad mission and escape of water in the main cylinder, a water-supply pipe and an exhaust or waste pipe connected tosaid main valve, an auxiliary valve consisting of an open-ended perforated piston, the supply-pipe I, running from pipe F to the auxiliary valve, the water-pipes J and K, entering opposite ends of the main valve and running to the auxiliary valve, and

the waste'pipes L and M, connected to the auxiliary valve and also to the pipe 0, which connects with the main exhaustrpipe, substantially as described.

3. The combination of the main cylinder, the ram, and the main valve, together with the supply and waste pipes, said main valve consisting, essentially, of two independentpistons X and X moving within a shell provided with outlets and surrounded by an annular space, said pistons X and X being rigidly connected with the pistons W and WV by the hollowed stems 25, substantially as described.

l. The combination, with the main cylinder, ram, auxiliary valve, and supply and waste pipes, of the main valve, consisting, essentially, of the casing having inlet and waste nozzles F and G and inlets e e at each end, the pistons X and X moving in a shell or bushing 00, provided with outlets and surrounded by an annular chamber Y said pistons X and X being rigidly connected with the pistons WV and W by means of the'hollow stems t, the chamber 2;, adjacentto the piston 7 and the chamber h, adjacent to the piston WV, all the parts being arranged substantially as described.

5. The combination, with the main cylinder, the ram, the auxiliary valves, and the supply and waste pipes, of the main valve, consisting, essentially, of the pistons X and X moving independently and connected rigidly with the pistons W and W the inlets e e at each end of the main valve, the chambers between the pistons W and W and the adjacent inlets e e, and the nozzles r 7, provided with the perforations s, so arranged that the amount of water and the consequent movement of the rain may be gradual, said perforated nozzles a" lying in a horizontal position and projecting through the pistons, substantially as described.

6. The combination, with the main cylinder, the ram, and the supply and waste pipes, of the main valve .consisting, essentially, of the pistons X and X arranged to act independently with respect to the water-pressures, one of said pistons being provided with a tappet or projection extending toward the other piston, so arranged that one piston will move and close the other in the case of tardy action, and so arranged that both cannot be open at the same time.

7. In a hydraulic elevator, the combination of the main cylinder, a ram, the main valve E, the supply-pipe F entering it, and the exhaust-pipe G passing from it, the pistons X and X moving within the apertured bushing as, which is surrounded by an annular chamber, said pistons X and X being connected by tubular connections 25 t with the pistons W and WV and the auxiliary valve H, consisting, essentially, of the open-ended perforated piston sliding through fixed glands, and the water-pipes J and K, passing from said auxiliary valve and entering the opposite ends of the main valve, substantially as I as to prevent sudden movement or shock in described.

opening and closing the valves X and X substantially as described.

8. Inahydraulicelevator,the combination, In testimony whereof I have hereunto with the main cylinder and the ram, of the allixed my signature in the presence of two main valve provided with the perforated in- Witnesses.

let-nozzles 4", arranged in a horizontal posi-' t T tion, the pistons \V and W rigidly connected C'OFRAA HALL by tubular connections 75 twith the pistonsX \Vitnesses:

and X said perforated nozzles entering the ALFRED A. ENQUIST, said tubular connections 75 '6, all arranged so W. D. BENT, Jr. 

